A Brief History of Avian Influenza in the Context of Multilateral Environmental Agreements
ثبت نشده
چکیده
uenza & Wild Birds Bulletin is a publication of the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) , publishers of the Earth Negotiations Bulletin © . This issue was written and edited by Asheline Appleton and Nienke Beintema. The editor is Peter Doran, Ph.D. . The Director of IISD Reporting Services is Langston James “Kimo” Goree VI . Funding for coverage of this meeting has been provided by UNEP – Division of Environmental Conventions. IISD can be contacted at 161 Portage Avenue East, 6th Floor, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3B 0Y4, Canada; tel: +1-204-958-7700; fax: +1-204-958-7710. The opinions expressed in the Bulletin are those of the authors and do not necessarily refl ect the views of IISD. Excerpts from the Bulletin may be used in other publications with appropriate academic citation. Electronic versions of the Bulletin are sent to e-mail distribution lists (ASCII and PDF format) and can be found on the Linkages WWW-server at . For information on the Bulletin, including requests to provide reporting services, contact the Director of IISD Reporting Services at , +1-646-536-7556 or 212 East 47th St. #21F, New York, NY 10017, USA. ONLINE AT HTTP://WWW.IISD.CA/YMB/AIS/ VOLUME 123, NO. 1, FRIDAY, 14 APRIL 2006 Avian Influenza & Wild Birds Bulletin
منابع مشابه
The effect of the hexanic extracts of fig (Ficus carica) and olive (Olea europaea) fruit and nanoparticles of selenium on the immunogenicity of the inactivated avian influenza virus subtype H9N2
Influenza is a contagious viral disease that is seen in avian, human and other mammals, so its control is important. Vaccination against influenza virus subtype H9N2 is one of the ways in controlling program, for this reason several vaccines has been produced. Recently, application of inactivated oil-emulsion vaccines in poultry for controlling low pathogenic avian influenza is increasing. At p...
متن کاملDevelopment and Evaluation of Real-Time RT-PCR Test for Quantitative and Qualitative Recognition of Current H9N2 Subtype Avian Influenza Viruses in Iran
Avian influenza H9N2 subtype viruses have had a great impact on Iranian industrial poultry production economy since introduction in the country. To approach Rapid and precise identification of this viruses as control measures in poultry industry, a real time probe base assay was developed to directly detect a specific influenza virus of H9N2 subtype -instead of general detection of Influenza A ...
متن کاملAn experimental study on broiler chicken co-infected with the specimens containing avian influenza (H9 subtype) and infectious bronchitis (4/91 strain) viruses
This experimental study was carried out to induce a co-infection of H9 AIV and IBV with inoculumsprepared from tracheal scrubbed epithelium tissues in natural co-infected birds to rule out the effect of fieldundesired environmental conditions and also other infectious causative agents. Eighty 1-day-old broilerswere randomly divided into four equal groups. At 21 days of age, three test groups we...
متن کاملSerological prevalence of avian H9N2 influenza virus in dogs by hemagglutination inhibition assay in Kerman, southeast of Iran
Influenza is a highly contagious zoonotic disease in the world. Avian H9N2 influenza virus is a significant pandemic pathogen widely distributed throughout the world. Pet ownership has been documented as a risk factor for infection transmission to human. Considering major public health concern, the prevalence of antibodies against avian H9N2 influenza virus was evaluated in 170 serum samples of...
متن کاملIsolation of H9N2 Subtype of Avian Influenza Viruses during an Outbreak in Chickens in Iran
Avian influenza is an important disease of poultry with the potential to cause major epidemics resulting in significant economic losses. The presence of avian influenza viruses (AIV) in chickens in Iran has not been previously reported. An avian influenza outbreak in broiler, layer and breeder farms occurred during a very hot summer in July 1998. Three AIV isolates designated as 101, 102 and 10...
متن کامل